UKUVELA KWEMBUKO YEFUNITURE

Usebenza kanzima udala izindawo okuhlala kuzo ngaphakathi kwekhaya lakho ezikwenza uziqhenye ngokuzibiza ngeyakho - uthatha isikhathi wenze umzamo wokutshala izingcezu, imisebenzi yobuciko, izesekeli nefenisha efakazela ubuntu bakho obuyingqayizivele, izindinganiso zomndeni wakho kanye nomuntu wakho. isitayela.

Wake wama ukuze uzibuze ukuthi indawo ye-chaise egumbini lakho lokuphumula, noma igumbi lokudlela elibekwe ekhishini lokudlela lavela kanjani?

Imboni yefenisha yenzeke ngokugxuma okukhulu nemingcele phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule nesigamu, ngokuvamile ayisabonwa. Indaba ethokozisayo, esukela empucukweni yakudala yomhlaba, futhi kuze kube yilapho uthenga ifenisha yakho oyintandokazi elandelayo.

ISIQALO

Cishe eminyakeni engu-30,000 edlule, ekupheleni kwePaleolithic kanye nenkathi yokuqala ye-Neolithic, abantu baqala ukuqopha nokuqopha ifenisha engajwayelekile emathanjeni, ngokhuni nasetsheni. Enye yezinkomba zokuqala ezirekhodiwe zefenisha ephindaphindwayo yesimanje yavubukulwa eGagarino, eRussia ebonisa umfanekiso kaVenus ohlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi sesikhashana. Obunye ubufakazi bokuqala bokwenziwa kwefenisha buhlanganisa izihlalo zamatshe nezihlalo e-Neolithic Scotland, nakwezinye izindawo emhlabeni jikelele.

Nakuba ingavamile kakhulu, izibonelo zefenisha yasendulo zingatholakala phakathi kwezithombe ezibhekisela emuva eShayina yasendulo, eNdiya, eMesophothamiya naseRoma.

Sinenhlanhla yokwazi le midwebo yemibhede, izihlalo, izihlalo - cishe njalo zakhiwe ngokhuni. EGibhithe naseRoma lasendulo, abantu babesebenzisa i-veneering njengendlela yokwandisa ubuhle nokuqina, ikakhulukazi emabhokisini nasezihlalweni.

Kunolwazi oluncane olutholakalayo lokuchaza ngempela inqubo yokwakha yezinkomba ezindala ezinjalo, kodwa kusobala ukuthi ifenisha yayiyigugu, njengoba izingcezu eziningi zaziboshwe ngensimbi noma amapuleti ethusi ukuvikela okuqukethwe kwazo.

I-Middle Ages yabona izitayela zefenisha ezilula zigcwalisa irekhodi lomlando.

UKUNGENA EZWENI ELISHA

Kuwo wonke ama-14^thfuthi 15^themakhulwini eminyaka, imboni yefenisha yadlula ekushintsheni okukhulu kwesitayela nokusebenza kwabadwebi, isifuba namakhabethe. Izindlu nezikhungo zenkolo zazihlotshiswe ngefenisha kanokusho.

Le minyaka iphinde yabona izinqubo zokwakha ezithuthuke kakhulu, okubangele amabhondi aqinile, ukuqina okukhuphukile kanye nokufaneleka. Izinqubo zokuhlanganisa i-mortise ne-tenon, kanye ne-miter zinikeze amalunga anamandla, abukeka kahle futhi zashintsha inqubo yokukhiqiza yonke imboni yefenisha.

Lokhu kwathuthukisa ubunkimbinkimbi bezindlela zokwakha futhi kwaletha ubungcweti obusha njengabakhi bekhabhinethi, nabo ababuyisela ukuhlonishwa entshonalanga yeYurophu naseNyakatho Melika. Kwaze kwaba manje lapho okusanhlamvu okwaba khona ukuhlobisa okufunwa umbazi ezintweni zokhuni ezikhethwa umbazi. I-Walnut yaziswa kakhulu ngama-burrs ayo, ama-curls kanye nokusanhlamvu. I-Veneering ivumela abenzi befenisha ukuthi basebenzise izingxenye ezinhle kakhulu zezinhlamvu zezinkuni zobuhle, lapho ukusebenzisa ukhuni oluqinile kungase kubonakale kungathembeki.

OKUSHA NOKUKHULA

I-17^thfuthi 18^thamakhulu eminyaka afakazelwa ukuceba okuthuthuke kakhulu, ngakho ifenisha yaqhubeka ijwayela futhi ishintsha. Usihlalo waba umsebenzi ohlonishwa kakhulu ohlotshaniswa nokhuni-ukuguqula imilenze ukwengeza ukubukeka okusha kokuhlobisa. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abahleli bezitulo bahlala beyigatsha elihlukile labenzi befenisha.

Ngalesi sifiso esilokhu sikhula sefenisha enhle, isidingo esithuthukisiwe sisho ukuthi izinqubo zokwakha zabenzi befenisha zase ziqala ukusabalala futhi zifane, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwamalunga athile kanye nokuqina kwezinkuni ezisetshenziselwa izicelo ezithile. Kuphinde kwaholela ekuhlukaneni kwezentengiselwano - i-turnery, ukubaza kanye ne-upholstering, isibonelo, kwaqala ukuhlukana nomsebenzi wokhuni wendabuko.

Imishini yokwenza ngokhuni nayo yashintsha kakhulu. Ubuciko obuningi bezandla obuthuthukisiwe phakathi neminyaka buhlala kulo lonke ushintsho lwamathuluzi anamandla, njengoba abakhiqizi abakhulu kuphela ababekwazi ukukhokhela imishini ezenzakalelayo.

ISIKHATHI SESIZULU

Nge-20^thikhulu leminyaka, nokho, abakhi bekhabhinethi nababazi baqala ukusebenzisa amathuluzi amaningi amandla njengendlela yokusheshisa ukukhiqizwa komuntu ngamunye. E-US, ukuthuthukiswa kwefenisha yokukhiqiza ngobuningi kwakuqhubeka kahle. Imishini yaqala ukukhiqiza amakhulukhulu ezingcezu ngosuku, ngayinye inikezwe umsebenzi wayo oyingqayizivele wokufaka isandla esiqedweni esiphelile.

Ezinsukwini zakudala, isiko, ukulingana kahle bekungaba umsebenzi oyisicefe, kepha namuhla, imishini yesimanje ingenza umsebenzi osheshayo ngokufaka i-dresser drawer ekhaya layo elisha, noma usayizi ophelele futhi iqedele umnyango wekhabethe ngemizuzu.

Ngokushesha ngemva kwe-19^thekhulwini leminyaka, imboni yabona ukuhlukana okwengeziwe kulabo abenza ifenisha, kanye nalabo ababenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuyithengisa. Phambilini, ukwenziwa kwefenisha ikakhulukazi kwakumayelana nokuthuma ucezu ngokuqondile kumenzi wekhabhinethi, noma umbazi - kodwa manje, umqondo wendlu yombukiso waduma kakhulu.

Amagumbi ombukiso amakhulu asalokhu enama-workshops ukuze enze ngendlela oyifisayo futhi abhekelele izifiso ezithile zamakhasimende ngalesi sikhathi, kodwa kwaba umkhuba ojwayelekile ukuthenga iwholesale kumphakeli.

Ukwenziwa kwefenisha yesimanje nakho kwathatha inguquko entsha mayelana nezinto zokwakha. Ngokusekelwe ekutholakaleni kwezingodo zekhwalithi enhle, ezinye izinto ezimbalwa manje sezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni ifenisha. Ipulasitiki, i-laminated plywood, nezinsimbi zisetshenziswa ngezinga elithile.

I-plastic laminate, manje etholakala kabanzi njengenye indlela esenziwe ngomumo ku-hardwood flooring, futhi ifenisha itholakala ngobuningi bemibala, ukwakheka kanye nemiklamo engakwazi ukuphindaphinda kalula okusanhlamvu kwezinkuni ngokuphrinta izithombe.

Okuphawuleka ngesimanjemanje, amathrendi ahlala elolonga imboni yefenisha futhi abonakala ekhathazekile ngendawo ezungezile yomkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwawo. Idizayini yezemvelo iyindlela yokuklama ewukuziphendukela kwemvelo obonisa isimo sengqondo sokuqaphela imvelo esakhiwe izigaba ezi-4: ukuthengwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa, nokulahlwa.

Izici zokuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, ukuqwashisa ngokuluhlaza, ukwanda kwabantu, kanye nokwanda kwenani labantu abaqaphela imvelo konke kube nomthelela kulo mbono omusha wemboni. Izici zemvelo zefenisha yokhuni, isibonelo, zingabandakanya ukusetshenziswa okuqaphela kakhudlwana kwezinsiza - okuyizinhlobo zezilwane ezivunwayo, ubudlelwano bazo obuqinile nendawo yazo esebenzayo - ukukhishwa emoyeni, emanzini nasemhlabeni ngesigaba sokwakhiwa kwefenisha, kanye nemfucuza. . Kungumqondo wokuklama we-Eco Design ukwakha ifenisha ehlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukushintshwa akudingekile, noma ucezu lungalungiswa kalula.

Ifenisha yesikhathi ingenye inkambiso evelayo embonini yefenisha. Lo mkhuba wokukhiqiza wenziwa ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile uzama ukulandela izinhlobo zendabuko zokwakha. Ukuqopha kusasetshenziswa lapha, futhi ubuciko bayo bezandla busho ukuthi iyashabalala ngokushesha - ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazisa abantu abasazinika isikhathi sokuqeda imisebenzi efike ngesikhathi.

Kungakhathaliseki okuthandayo, ukukhetha ifenisha ozihlonza ngayo kubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu. Sinale nqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ukubonga ngezingcezu esizibona ezindlini zethu njengamanje, futhi ikakhulukazi lezo esizilangazelelayo endaweni yokubukisa ifenisha. Yilokhu kuqhubekela phambili okukhuthaza abenzi befenisha nabadwebi ukuthi baphenye izindlela ezintsha zokwakha, bahlole ngezinto ezintsha, futhi bacabange ngokujulile ngendawo izinto eziphuma kuzo - nalapho ucezu oluqediwe luzophelela khona.

Noma yimiphi imibuzo sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nami ngeAndrew@sinotxj.com