Ingenisa ifenisha esuka e-China iye e-US

I-China, eyaziwa njengezwe elithumela izimpahla kwamanye amazwe elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, alinazo izimboni ezikhiqiza cishe yonke inhlobo yefenisha ngamanani ancintisanayo. Njengoba isidingo sefenisha sikhula, abathenga kwamanye amazwe bazimisele ukucinga abahlinzeki abahlinzeka ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu ngamanani aphansi. Kodwa-ke, abangenisi e-United States kufanele banake kakhulu izindaba ezifana nentela yentela noma imithetho yokuphepha. Kulesi sihloko, sinikeza amathiphu okuthi ungaphumelela kanjani ekungeniseni ifenisha isuka e-China iye e-US.

Izindawo zokukhiqiza ifenisha e-China

Ngokuvamile, kunezindawo ezine eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza eChina: i-Pearl River delta (eningizimu yeChina), i-Yangtze River delta (isifunda esisogwini esimaphakathi neChina), iWest Triangle (maphakathi neChina), kanye noLwandle iBohai. isifunda (indawo esogwini olusenyakatho yeChina).

Zonke lezi zindawo zihlanganisa inani elikhulu labakhiqizi befenisha. Nokho, kunomehluko omkhulu:

1. I-Pearl River delta - igxile kakhulu ngekhwalithi ephezulu, ifenisha ebiza kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, inikeza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zefenisha. Amadolobha adume umhlaba wonke ahlanganisa iShenzhen, iGuangzhou, iZhuhai, iDongguan (edume ngokwenza osofa), iZhongshan (ifenisha yokhuni olubomvu), kanye neFoshan (ifenisha yokhuni olusahwe). I-Foshan ijabulela udumo olusabalele njengendawo yokukhiqiza ifenisha yokudlela, ifenisha egcwele isicaba, kanye nefenisha evamile. Kukhona nezinkulungwane zabathengisi befenisha lapho, abagxile kakhulu esifundeni sase-Shunde sedolobha, isb, e-China Furniture Whole Sale Market.

2. Umfula i-Yangtze Delta - ihlanganisa idolobha elikhulu lase-Shanghai kanye nezifundazwe ezizungezile njenge-Zhejiang ne-Jiangsu, edume ngefenisha ye-rattan, izinkuni eziqinile ezipendwe, ifenisha yensimbi, nokunye. Indawo eyodwa ethokozisayo yisifunda sase-Anji, esisebenza ngefenisha yoqalo nezinto zokwakha.

3. IWest Triangle - inamadolobha afana neChengdu, Chongqing, neXi'an. Le ndawo yezomnotho ngokuvamile iyisifunda esingabizi kakhulu sefenisha, ehlinzeka ngefenisha yengadi ye-rattan nemibhede yensimbi, phakathi kokunye.

4. Isifunda saseBohai Sea - le ndawo ihlanganisa amadolobha afana neBeijing neTianjin. Ithandwa kakhulu ngefenisha yengilazi neyensimbi. Njengoba izifunda ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina zicebile ngokhuni, amanani angcono kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ikhwalithi enikezwa abanye abakhiqizi ingase ibe ngaphansi kwaleyo yezindawo ezisempumalanga.

Uma sikhuluma ngezimakethe zefenisha, ezidume kakhulu zitholakala eFoshan, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing, naseTianjin.

Iyiphi ifenisha ongayingenisa isuka e-China uye e-US?

Imakethe yaseShayina inezinzuzo eziningi uma kuziwa ekukhiqizeni ifenisha futhi ingaqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwamaketanga okuhlinzeka. Ngakho-ke, uma ucabanga noma iyiphi ifenisha, kukhona ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuthi ungayithola lapho.

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi umkhiqizi onikeziwe angase abe ngokukhethekile ohlotsheni olulodwa noma ezimbalwa zefenisha, aqinisekise ubuchwepheshe emkhakheni othile. Ungase ube nentshisekelo yokungenisa:

Ifenisha yasendlini:

• osofa namasofa,
• ifenisha yezingane,
• ifenisha yekamelo lokulala,
• omatilasi,
• ifenisha yegumbi lokudlela,
• ifenisha yegumbi lokuhlala,
• ifenisha yasehhovisi,
• ifenisha yehhotela,
• ifenisha yokhuni,
• ifenisha yensimbi,
• ifenisha yepulasitiki,
• ifenisha ene-upholstered,
• ifenisha ye-wicker.

Ifenisha yangaphandle:

• ifenisha ye-rattan,
• ifenisha yensimbi yangaphandle,
• i-gazebos.

Ukungenisa ifenisha esuka e-China iye e-US - Imithetho yezokuphepha

Ikhwalithi nokuphepha komkhiqizo kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi njengoba ongenisa ngaphandle, hhayi umkhiqizi wase-China, unesibopho esisemthethweni sokuthobela imithethonqubo. Kunezindawo ezine ezibalulekile mayelana nokuphepha kwefenisha abathumeli bangaphandle okufanele bazinake:

1. Wood ifenisha sanitizing & nokusimama

Imithetho ekhethekile ephathelene nefenisha yokhuni isiza ukulwa nokugawulwa kwemithi ngokungemthetho futhi ivikele izwe ezinambuzaneni ezihlaselayo. E-US, i-ejensi ye-USDA's (United States Department of Agriculture) APHIS (Isevisi Yokuhlola Impilo Yezilwane Nezitshalo) yengamela ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo yamapulangwe nezinkuni. Zonke izinkuni ezingena ezweni kufanele zihlolwe futhi zithole izinqubo zokuhlanzeka (ukushisa noma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kuyizinto ezimbili ezingakhethwa).

Nokho eminye imithetho ikhona lapho ungenisa imikhiqizo yezandla eyenziwe ngokhuni evela e-China - leyo ingangeniswa kuphela kubakhiqizi abagunyaziwe abafakwe ohlwini olukhishwe yi-USDA APHIS. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi umenzi othile ugunyaziwe, ungafaka isicelo semvume yokungenisa ezweni.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukungenisa ifenisha eyenziwe ngokhuni olusengozini kudinga izimvume ezihlukene kanye nokuthotshelwa kwe-CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). Ungathola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezindaba ezishiwo ngenhla kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-USDA.

2. Ukuhambisana kwefenisha yezingane

Imikhiqizo yezingane ihlale ingaphansi kwezidingo eziqinile, ifenisha ayifani. Ngokwencazelo ye-CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commission), ifenisha yezingane yakhelwe iminyaka eyi-12 noma ngaphansi. Kubonisa ukuthi yonke ifenisha, efana ne-cribs, imibhede yezingane, njll., ingaphansi kokuthotshelwa kwe-CPSIA (Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act).

Ngaphakathi kwale mithetho, ifenisha yezingane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi impahla, kufanele ihlolwe ilabhorethri yenkampani yangaphandle eyamukelwe yi-CPSC. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ongenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe kufanele akhiphe Isitifiketi Somkhiqizo Wezingane (CPC) futhi anamathisele ilebula yokulandelela ye-CPSIA engunaphakade. Kukhona neminye imithetho eyengeziwe mayelana nama-cribs.

3. Upholstered ifenisha evuthayo ukusebenza

Noma ungekho umthetho wenhlangano ophathelene nokusebenza kokusha kwefenisha, empeleni, i-California Technical Bulletin 117-2013 iyasebenza ezweni lonke. Ngokusho kombiko, yonke ifenisha ekhuphukile kufanele ihlangabezane nokusebenza okushisekayo okucacisiwe kanye namazinga okuhlola.

4. Imithethonqubo ejwayelekile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithile

Ngaphandle kwezidingo ezishiwo ngenhla, yonke ifenisha kufanele futhi ihlangabezane nezindinganiso ze-SPSC uma kuziwa ekusebenziseni izinto eziyingozi, njenge-phthalates, lead, ne-formaldehyde, phakathi kokunye. Esinye sezenzo ezibalulekile kulolu daba uMthetho we-Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA). Lokhu futhi kuthinta ukupakishwa komkhiqizo - ezifundeni eziningi, ukupakishwa akukwazi ukuqukatha izinsimbi ezinzima njengomthofu, i-cadmium, ne-mercury. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wakho uphephile kumakhasimende ukuwuhlola ngelebhu.

Njengoba imibhede engaphansi engasebenzi kahle ingase ibe yingozi enkulu kubasebenzisi, ingaphansi kwenqubo yokuthobela i-General Certificate of Conformity (GCC).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidingo zikhona eCalifornia - ngokusho kwe-California Proposition 65, izinto ezimbalwa eziyingozi azikwazi ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yabathengi.

Yini enye okufanele uyinake lapho ungenisa ifenisha evela eChina?

Ukuze uphumelele ekungeniseni ifenisha esuka e-China iye e-US, kufanele futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo wakho uhlangabezana nezidingo zekhasimende. Kusemqoka ukungenisa kusuka eChina. Njengoba ngemva kokufika echwebeni lase-US lapho uya khona, umthwalo awukwazi ukubuyiselwa kalula. Ukuhlola ikhwalithi ezigabeni ezihlukene zokukhiqiza/zokuthutha kuyindlela enhle yokuqinisekisa ukuthi isimanga esinjalo esingemnandi ngeke senzeke.

Uma udinga isiqinisekiso sokuthi umthwalo womkhiqizo wakho, ukuzinza, ukwakheka, ubukhulu, njll., kuyanelisa, ukuhlola ikhwalithi kungase kube ukuphela kwendlela. Phela, kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu uku-oda isampula yefenisha.

Kuyancomeka ukuthi ufune umenzi, hhayi umthengisi wefenisha e-China. Isizathu siwukuthi abathengisi bezitolo abavamile ukuqinisekisa ukuthobela wonke amazinga okuphepha. Yebo, abakhiqizi bangase babe nezidingo eziphezulu ze-MOQ (Ubuningi be-oda obuncane). Ama-MOQ efenisha ngokuvamile asuka kucezu olulodwa noma ezimbalwa zefenisha enkulu, njengamasethi osofa noma imibhede, afika ngisho nezingcezu ezingu-500 zefenisha encane, njengezihlalo ezigoqekayo.

Ithutha Ifenisha isuka e-China iye e-US

Njengoba ifenisha isindayo futhi, kwezinye izimo, ithatha isikhala esiningi esitsheni, umkhumbi wasolwandle ubonakala kuwukuphela kwendlela enengqondo yokuthutha ifenisha isuka eChina iye e-US. Ngokwemvelo, uma udinga ukungenisa ngokushesha ifenisha eyodwa noma ezimbalwa, ukuthutha emoyeni kuzoshesha kakhulu.

Lapho uthutha ngolwandle, ungakhetha noma Umthwalo Wesitsha Esigcwele (FCL) noma Ongaphansi Komthwalo Wesitsha (LCL). Ikhwalithi yokupakishwa ibalulekile lapha, njengoba ifenisha ingachoboza kalula. Kufanele ihlale ilayishwa kumaphalethi e-ISPM 15. Ukuthumela kusuka e-China kuya e-US kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-14 kuye kwezingama-50, kuye ngomzila. Nokho, yonke inqubo ingase ithathe izinyanga ezi-2 noma ezi-3 ngenxa yokubambezeleka okungalindelekile.

Hlola umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwe-FCL ne-LCL.

Isifinyezo

• Izimpahla eziningi zefenisha zase-US zivela e-China, i-export yefenisha enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kanye nezingxenye zayo;
• Izindawo zefenisha ezidume kakhulu zitholakala ikakhulukazi endaweni yasePearl River delta, kuhlanganise nedolobha laseFoshan;
• Iningi lefenisha ethunyelwa e-US ayisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ifenisha ethile yokhuni evela e-China ingase ibe ngaphansi kwamazinga omsebenzi wokulwa nokulahla;
• Kunemithethonqubo eminingi yokuphepha ekhona, ephathelene ikakhulukazi nefenisha yezingane, ifenisha ekhanyiswe upholstered, nefenisha yokhuni.